The Legitimate Government of Hawaii Series: Espionage Cases for Associates of the Republic of China -1) Kamehameha Schools/KSBE/Bernice Pauahi Bishop Estates Trustees; 2) created entityTerritory of Hawaii Governors, et. als.; and 3) United States Presidents since 1897
Reviewed by Amelia Gora (2023)
The following report is cause for alarm by all Americans and all Kanaka Maoli.
The U.S. has allowed the Trustees of the Kamehameha Schools, their created government in Hawaii and the U.S. Presidents since McKinley to participate in Piracy and Espionage since 1893.
U.S. President Grover Cleveland warned Americans of the breach of Neutrality law passed by Kamehameha III.
The U.S. allowed War Crimes to continue when U.S. President McKinley supported the move against a neutral non-violent nation's Treaties and Neutrality law to be ignored and allowing the continued operations with a U.S. Democratic Nation to aid in the piracy by lawless white supremacists to assume a neutral, friendly, unarmed nation, and a Constitutional Monarchy, neutral, non-violent nation named the Kingdom of Hawaii.
In 1887 the Chinese was the second highest population in Hawaii:
1893 - the American invasion in Hawaii happened. It was erroneously called the Overthrow of Queen Liliuokalani.
She had been condemned in trying to pass the Opium bill. Her hanai/adopted sister was using Opium for her breast cancer and died in 1884.
Charles Reed Bishop husband of Bernice Pauahi Bishop lost all interest in the Estate of Bernice Pauahi Bishop due to his conspiracy with the usurpers, the treasonous persons who moved with and supported by the American military usurped Queen Liliuokalani.
Charles Reed Bishop's supporters included the Trustees of Bernice Pauahi Bishop Estates, the Kamehameha School boys and others such as Samuel Damon, Sanford B. Dole, et. als.
See the Life interest document that Charles Reed Bishop signed to himself, and the Trustees of Bernice Pauahi Bishop...... All of them lost all claims due to conspiracy, and they were not possible to own lands Allodial lands - Kalola the next-of-kins descendants were heirs, the true landowners:
1896 - 1897 The Bernice Pauahi Bishop Trust was reformed. Note: The Trust was created in the Kingdom of Hawaii and changed to reflect the Provisional Government turned Republic of Hawaii and "developed" into the Territory of the United States by the orders of U.S. President William McKinley in 1897.
Note: Charles Reed Bishop and the Trustees became Pirates and were Espionage operators since 1893 due to the association, affiliation with the United States.
1915 - Queen Liliuokalani was placed for a day on the throne with the purpose of signing documents for the Americans.
Charles Reed Bishop died. He was one of major key players in pirating lands, trusts, monies from a Trust that he lost due to the conspiracy engaged in with the U.S., the trustees, the bankers, etc. His interest included only a life interest.
The Trustees operated on Charles Reed Bishop's life interest only. They were conspirators to the Queen, the Royal Family, and the Kingdom of Hawaii.
The Trustees continued to use the Trust disregarding the fact that they were not entitled to utilize lands, monies, etc. because of conspiracies, piracy, fraud, etc.
Note: The true owners are Kalola's descendants/heirs who have Kamehameha's bloodlines.
The Trustees conveyed lands that they do not own to the U.S., China/the People's Republic of China, et. als. which shows that they are continuing a fraud against the the Royal Family, the kanaka maoli of the Kingdom of Hawaii AND the Americans in the created entity Territory of the United States, Territory of Hawaii, and the State of Hawaii based on an Executive Order of U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower.
The Trustees have conveyed, sold lands to China/the People's Republic of China creating Espionage activities then leases obtained paid to the Governors of Hawaii and the sitting Presidents which is unreported income unknown to the Attorney General of the U.S., and the IRS/Internal Revenue Service - my former employer.
Whistleblowers info has been shown in part, they include:
* Greg Wongham (dec.) exposed Corruption in Hawaii and has his research saved on the Cornell University website.
* Roy Nakamura - provided some of the research of Greg Wongham.
* Calvin Hulihee - distributed Greg Wongham's information.
* Mitsuo Takabuki - his speech on 1991 gotten by Greg Wongham.
* Bobby Harmon - former employee of the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Estates.
* Bobby Ebanez - former employee of the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Estates.
* Kalani Asam
* Keoni Paaloa Choy
* Raymond Kamaka
* Stanley Kamaka
* Herbert Pratt
* Helelani Rabago
* Wilfred Lopes
and many others
1917 - Queen Liliuokalani died.
1921 - The Chinese:
1971 - Matsuo Takabuki, one of the Alien Entity Court Appointees Trustees for KSBE
1991+
"We\ have a small investment in Xiamen bank in the Fujian province of The Peoples Republic of China with the Chinese Governments agencies, Asian Development Bank, Long Term Credit Bank of Japan, and the Simon Group."
"We have meaningful contacts in Japan, Hong Kong and The People's Republic of China."
Reference:
Speech by Trustee Matsuo Takabuki 1991 - Kamehameha's 105th School Year
Note: 105th school year = 1896 to 1991
********
DISCUSSION
The Kamehameha Schools Trustees are guilty of the following crimes:
*Conspiracy
* Treason
* Fraud
* Piracy
* Pillaging
*Theft
*Racketeering
* Identity Theft
* Genocide
* Espionage
and in collusion with former Governors in Hawaii and U.S. Presidents William McKinley to present day Joe Biden.
also, the Booz, Hamilton, etc. are also to be investigated for conspiracy, piracy, operating with the Kamehameha Schools Bishop Estates/KSBE, and their associates who they have conveyed lands that does not belong to them to their fellow conspirators, pirates, operatives, etc.
All neutral nations needs to know the Truth, and all nations including \
Research incomplete.
Questions? hwngensoc.akg@juno.com or write: P.O. Box 861781, Wahiawa, Oahu, Hawaii.
aloha.
We remain a peaceful, neutral, friendly, non-violent nation.
References:
https://maoliworld.com/forum/
see all internet postings by Amelia Gora, a Royal Family member and Representative of our ancestor Kalola who is the documented next-of-kin of Bernice Pauahi Bishop.
- 5,885 views This video is for private use only, there is no copy right infringement intended. this song is done by the group Ho'okena for ... HD Kekauonohi/Kekauonohi, Miriam's Family - One of the Kamehameha's compiled, researched by Amelia Gora (2014)
- Descendants of the Royal Families exist, including myself, Amelia Gora, who has done more than 22 years of research to find the hidden lines of our Royal families, those who are the true descendants, heirs to the lands of Kamehameha thru Queen Liliuokalani's times.
- updated 07/03/2018 posted by Amelia Gora, a Royal person, House of Nobles/Acting Liaison of Foreign Affairs/Konohiki/Hawaiian Genealogy Society Representative/Konohiki/Land Owner/Landlord/ Judicial Tribunal Judge/Supreme Court Judge The following are the Supreme Court Cases Heard and Adjudicated: Case 1.
- VDOMDHTMLtml> Amelia Gora
Profiles | Facebook View the profiles of people named Amelia Gora. Join Facebook to connect with Amelia Gora and others you may know. Facebook gives people the power to... Facebook Email or phone Password Forgot account? People named Amelia Gora Find your friends on Facebook - You must log in to continue. Log into Facebook. Log In
- Kingdom of Hawaii/Hawaiian Kingdom Legal Notice 2016-09232016 - 789 Persons/Entities Documented on the Judicial Tribunal List Applicable to Article XIV of the 1849/1850 Treaty of the Kingdom of Hawaii and the United States of America from Amelia Gora, a Royal person, Landlord, Judicial Tribunal Member/Judge, Acting Liaison of Foreign Affairs, House of Nobles Member, Konohiki, Hawaiian ...
- researched by Amelia Gora (2017) The following article supports the article "U.S. President Cleveland Gave Hawaii Back to Queen Liliuokalani" : February 7, 1897. " Annexation temporarily suspended by President Cleveland, is now dead forever...." documented by Mr. Palmer.
- Kingdom of Hawaii Legal Notice No. 2018 -0113 Corrected/Updated Konohiki List from Amelia Gora, a Royal person, Acting Liaison of Foreign Affairs, House of Nobles Member, Konohiki, Judicial Tribunal Member/Judge, Hawaiian Genealogical Society Representative, Land Owner, Landlord
- Permalink Reply by Amelia Gora on September 7, 2010 at 9:54am. Permalink Reply by Amelia Gora on May 28, 2012 at 3:33pm. alink Reply by Amelia Gora on September 7, 2010 at 10:07am. Also, Frauds, Deceit, Criminal issues are documented in King Kalakaua's Hawaii film at the Hawaiian Room, Main Library, Honolulu, Hawaii and the Archives, Honolulu ...
- Amelia Gora-Kanaka Maoli Truth Important information for/about our people - Kanaka Maoli and others/the 40,000+ people who supported Queen Liliuokalani Sunday, January 28, 2018 Legal Notice - Protective Orders for Alii and People Supporting Kapule, Kaumualii's birthplace etc.
Espionage Act of 1917 (1917)
Socialist Charles T. Schenck was charged with violating the Espionage Act of 1917 when he circulated a flyer that opposed the draft. The Supreme Court upheld his conviction. Pictured is Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes who ruled in the case that the danger posed during wartime justified the restrictions on First Amendment rights to freedom of speech placed by the Espionage Act. (Photo available from the Library of Congress, public domain)
Congress enacted the Espionage Act of 1917 on June 15, two months after the United States entered World War I. Just after the war, prosecutions under the act led to landmark First Amendment precedents.
Espionage Act limited dissent to the war
The Espionage Act of 1917 prohibited obtaining information, recording pictures, or copying descriptions of any information relating to the national defense with intent or reason to believe that the information may be used for the injury of the United States or to the advantage of any foreign nation.
The act also created criminal penalties for anyone obstructing enlistment in the armed forces or causing insubordination or disloyalty in military or naval forces.
Further, the Wilson administration determined that any written materials violating the act or otherwise “urging treason” were “nonmailable matter,” and Postmaster General Albert S. Burleson ordered local postmasters to report any suspicious materials. Along with Attorney General Thomas Watt Gregory, Burleson led the way in aggressively enforcing the Espionage Act of 1917 to limit dissent.
By 1918, in actions that seriously threatened First Amendment freedoms and that likely would not be upheld today, 74 newspapers had been denied mailing privileges.
Daniel Ellsberg, pictured here, was a former defense analyst who leaked the famous Pentagon Papers to the New York Times and other newspapers. Ellsberg faced charges under the Espionage Act, and went to trial in Los Angeles in 1973. The judge eventually dismissed charges against him and his colleague Anthony Russo. (AP Photo, used with permission from the Associated Press)Court rules wartime danger justifies restrictions
In 1917 the socialist Charles T. Schenck was charged with violating the Espionage Act after circulating a flyer opposing the draft. In Schenck v. United States (1919), the Supreme Court upheld the act’s constitutionality. Writing for the majority, Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. held that the danger posed during wartime justified the act’s restriction on First Amendment rights to freedom of speech.
In June 1918, Title 1 of the Espionage Act was expanded to limit speech critical of the war with the passage of the Sedition Act of 1918. This new law led to similar convictions that were ultimately upheld by the Supreme Court in Debs v. United States (1919), Frohwerk v. United States (1919), and Abrams v. United States (1919).
Although Congress repealed the Sedition Act of 1918 in 1921, many portions of the Espionage Act of 1917 are still law.
Daniel Ellsberg, a former defense analyst who leaked the famous Pentagon Papers to the New York Times and other newspapers, faced charges under the Espionage Act, and went to trial in Los Angeles in 1973. The judge eventually dismissed charges against him and his colleague Anthony Russo.
Former CIA analyst Edward Snowden was charged with violating the Epionage Act of 1917 after he leaked classified documents related to the National Security Agency's widespread surveillance program in 2013. In this photo, Snowden speaks with Chris Anderson and Tim Berners Lee on a telepresence robot, beaming in from a secret location in Russia. (Image via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0) People still being charged under Espionage Act
Two former lobbyists for the American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC) were charged with violating the Espionage Act of 1917 in August 2005. The charges were ultimately dropped in 2009.
In more recent years, former CIA analyst Edward Snowden was charged with violating the Epionage Act after he leaked classified documents related to the National Security Agency's widespread surveillance program in 2013, beginning with The Guardian. Many news outlets published the information from the documents, including the New York Times, Washington Post and NBC News. Snowden sought asylum in Russia, but could be prosecuted under the charges if he returned to the United States.
In May 2019, a federal grand jury in Virginia issued an indictment against Wikileaks founder Julian Assange that included 17 counts of violation of the Espionage Act for receiving and publishing classified documents. Three of the counts are based exclusively on the act of publishing, which some have said could have implications for mainstream U.S. media publications who also sometimes publish classified material.
The Legitimate Government of Hawaii Series: Espionage Cases for Associates of the Republic of China -1) Kamehameha Schools/KSBE/Bernice Pauahi Bishop Estates Trustees; 2) created entityTerritory of Hawaii Governors, et. als.; and 3) United States Presidents since 1897
Reviewed by Amelia Gora (2023)
The following report is cause for alarm by all Americans and all Kanaka Maoli.
The U.S. has allowed the Trustees of the Kamehameha Schools, their created government in Hawaii and the U.S. Presidents since McKinley to participate in Piracy and Espionage since 1893.
U.S. President Grover Cleveland warned Americans of the breach of Neutrality law passed by Kamehameha III.
The U.S. allowed War Crimes to continue when U.S. President McKinley supported the move against a neutral non-violent nation's Treaties and Neutrality law to be ignored and allowing the continued operations with a U.S. Democratic Nation to aid in the piracy by lawless white supremacists to assume a neutral, friendly, unarmed nation, and a Constitutional Monarchy, neutral, non-violent nation named the Kingdom of Hawaii.
In 1887 the Chinese was the second highest population in Hawaii:
1893 - the American invasion in Hawaii happened. It was erroneously called the Overthrow of Queen Liliuokalani.
She had been condemned in trying to pass the Opium bill. Her hanai/adopted sister was using Opium for her breast cancer and died in 1884.
Charles Reed Bishop husband of Bernice Pauahi Bishop lost all interest in the Estate of Bernice Pauahi Bishop due to his conspiracy with the usurpers, the treasonous persons who moved with and supported by the American military usurped Queen Liliuokalani.
Charles Reed Bishop's supporters included the Trustees of Bernice Pauahi Bishop Estates, the Kamehameha School boys and others such as Samuel Damon, Sanford B. Dole, et. als.
See the Life interest document that Charles Reed Bishop signed to himself, and the Trustees of Bernice Pauahi Bishop...... All of them lost all claims due to conspiracy, and they were not possible to own lands Allodial lands - Kalola the next-of-kins descendants were heirs, the true landowners:
1896 - 1897 The Bernice Pauahi Bishop Trust was reformed. Note: The Trust was created in the Kingdom of Hawaii and changed to reflect the Provisional Government turned Republic of Hawaii and "developed" into the Territory of the United States by the orders of U.S. President William McKinley in 1897.
Note: Charles Reed Bishop and the Trustees became Pirates and were Espionage operators since 1893 due to the association, affiliation with the United States.
1915 - Queen Liliuokalani was placed for a day on the throne with the purpose of signing documents for the Americans.
Charles Reed Bishop died. He was one of major key players in pirating lands, trusts, monies from a Trust that he lost due to the conspiracy engaged in with the U.S., the trustees, the bankers, etc. His interest included only a life interest.
The Trustees operated on Charles Reed Bishop's life interest only. They were conspirators to the Queen, the Royal Family, and the Kingdom of Hawaii.
The Trustees continued to use the Trust disregarding the fact that they were not entitled to utilize lands, monies, etc. because of conspiracies, piracy, fraud, etc.
Note: The true owners are Kalola's descendants/heirs who have Kamehameha's bloodlines.
The Trustees conveyed lands that they do not own to the U.S., China/the People's Republic of China, et. als. which shows that they are continuing a fraud against the the Royal Family, the kanaka maoli of the Kingdom of Hawaii AND the Americans in the created entity Territory of the United States, Territory of Hawaii, and the State of Hawaii based on an Executive Order of U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower.
The Trustees have conveyed, sold lands to China/the People's Republic of China creating Espionage activities then leases obtained paid to the Governors of Hawaii and the sitting Presidents which is unreported income unknown to the Attorney General of the U.S., and the IRS/Internal Revenue Service - my former employer.
Whistleblowers info has been shown in part, they include:
* Greg Wongham (dec.) exposed Corruption in Hawaii and has his research saved on the Cornell University website.
* Roy Nakamura - provided some of the research of Greg Wongham.
* Calvin Hulihee - distributed Greg Wongham's information.
* Mitsuo Takabuki - his speech on 1991 gotten by Greg Wongham.
* Bobby Harmon - former employee of the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Estates.
* Bobby Ebanez - former employee of the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Estates.
* Kalani Asam
* Keoni Paaloa Choy
* Raymond Kamaka
* Stanley Kamaka
* Herbert Pratt
* Helelani Rabago
* Wilfred Lopes
and many others
1917 - Queen Liliuokalani died.
1921 - The Chinese:
1971 - Matsuo Takabuki, one of the Alien Entity Court Appointees Trustees for KSBE
1991+
"We\ have a small investment in Xiamen bank in the Fujian province of The Peoples Republic of China with the Chinese Governments agencies, Asian Development Bank, Long Term Credit Bank of Japan, and the Simon Group."
"We have meaningful contacts in Japan, Hong Kong and The People's Republic of China."
Reference:
Speech by Trustee Matsuo Takabuki 1991 - Kamehameha's 105th School Year
Note: 105th school year = 1896 to 1991
********
DISCUSSION
The Kamehameha Schools Trustees are guilty of the following crimes:
*Conspiracy
* Treason
* Fraud
* Piracy
* Pillaging
*Theft
*Racketeering
* Identity Theft
* Genocide
* Espionage
and in collusion with former Governors in Hawaii and U.S. Presidents William McKinley to present day Joe Biden.
also, the Booz, Hamilton, etc. are also to be investigated for conspiracy, piracy, operating with the Kamehameha Schools Bishop Estates/KSBE, and their associates who they have conveyed lands that does not belong to them to their fellow conspirators, pirates, operatives, etc.
All neutral nations needs to know the Truth, and all nations including \
Research incomplete.
Questions? hwngensoc.akg@juno.com or write: P.O. Box 861781, Wahiawa, Oahu, Hawaii.
aloha.
We remain a peaceful, neutral, friendly, non-violent nation.
References:
https://maoliworld.com/forum/
see all internet postings by Amelia Gora, a Royal Family member and Representative of our ancestor Kalola who is the documented next-of-kin of Bernice Pauahi Bishop.
- 5,885 views This video is for private use only, there is no copy right infringement intended. this song is done by the group Ho'okena for ... HD Kekauonohi/Kekauonohi, Miriam's Family - One of the Kamehameha's compiled, researched by Amelia Gora (2014)
- Descendants of the Royal Families exist, including myself, Amelia Gora, who has done more than 22 years of research to find the hidden lines of our Royal families, those who are the true descendants, heirs to the lands of Kamehameha thru Queen Liliuokalani's times.
- updated 07/03/2018 posted by Amelia Gora, a Royal person, House of Nobles/Acting Liaison of Foreign Affairs/Konohiki/Hawaiian Genealogy Society Representative/Konohiki/Land Owner/Landlord/ Judicial Tribunal Judge/Supreme Court Judge The following are the Supreme Court Cases Heard and Adjudicated: Case 1.
- VDOMDHTMLtml> Amelia Gora
Profiles | Facebook View the profiles of people named Amelia Gora. Join Facebook to connect with Amelia Gora and others you may know. Facebook gives people the power to... Facebook Email or phone Password Forgot account? People named Amelia Gora Find your friends on Facebook - You must log in to continue. Log into Facebook. Log In
- Kingdom of Hawaii/Hawaiian Kingdom Legal Notice 2016-09232016 - 789 Persons/Entities Documented on the Judicial Tribunal List Applicable to Article XIV of the 1849/1850 Treaty of the Kingdom of Hawaii and the United States of America from Amelia Gora, a Royal person, Landlord, Judicial Tribunal Member/Judge, Acting Liaison of Foreign Affairs, House of Nobles Member, Konohiki, Hawaiian ...
- researched by Amelia Gora (2017) The following article supports the article "U.S. President Cleveland Gave Hawaii Back to Queen Liliuokalani" : February 7, 1897. " Annexation temporarily suspended by President Cleveland, is now dead forever...." documented by Mr. Palmer.
- Kingdom of Hawaii Legal Notice No. 2018 -0113 Corrected/Updated Konohiki List from Amelia Gora, a Royal person, Acting Liaison of Foreign Affairs, House of Nobles Member, Konohiki, Judicial Tribunal Member/Judge, Hawaiian Genealogical Society Representative, Land Owner, Landlord
- Permalink Reply by Amelia Gora on September 7, 2010 at 9:54am. Permalink Reply by Amelia Gora on May 28, 2012 at 3:33pm. alink Reply by Amelia Gora on September 7, 2010 at 10:07am. Also, Frauds, Deceit, Criminal issues are documented in King Kalakaua's Hawaii film at the Hawaiian Room, Main Library, Honolulu, Hawaii and the Archives, Honolulu ...
- Amelia Gora-Kanaka Maoli Truth Important information for/about our people - Kanaka Maoli and others/the 40,000+ people who supported Queen Liliuokalani Sunday, January 28, 2018 Legal Notice - Protective Orders for Alii and People Supporting Kapule, Kaumualii's birthplace etc.
Espionage Act of 1917 (1917)
Socialist Charles T. Schenck was charged with violating the Espionage Act of 1917 when he circulated a flyer that opposed the draft. The Supreme Court upheld his conviction. Pictured is Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes who ruled in the case that the danger posed during wartime justified the restrictions on First Amendment rights to freedom of speech placed by the Espionage Act. (Photo available from the Library of Congress, public domain)
Congress enacted the Espionage Act of 1917 on June 15, two months after the United States entered World War I. Just after the war, prosecutions under the act led to landmark First Amendment precedents.
Espionage Act limited dissent to the war
The Espionage Act of 1917 prohibited obtaining information, recording pictures, or copying descriptions of any information relating to the national defense with intent or reason to believe that the information may be used for the injury of the United States or to the advantage of any foreign nation.
The act also created criminal penalties for anyone obstructing enlistment in the armed forces or causing insubordination or disloyalty in military or naval forces.
Further, the Wilson administration determined that any written materials violating the act or otherwise “urging treason” were “nonmailable matter,” and Postmaster General Albert S. Burleson ordered local postmasters to report any suspicious materials. Along with Attorney General Thomas Watt Gregory, Burleson led the way in aggressively enforcing the Espionage Act of 1917 to limit dissent.
By 1918, in actions that seriously threatened First Amendment freedoms and that likely would not be upheld today, 74 newspapers had been denied mailing privileges.
Daniel Ellsberg, pictured here, was a former defense analyst who leaked the famous Pentagon Papers to the New York Times and other newspapers. Ellsberg faced charges under the Espionage Act, and went to trial in Los Angeles in 1973. The judge eventually dismissed charges against him and his colleague Anthony Russo. (AP Photo, used with permission from the Associated Press)Court rules wartime danger justifies restrictions
In 1917 the socialist Charles T. Schenck was charged with violating the Espionage Act after circulating a flyer opposing the draft. In Schenck v. United States (1919), the Supreme Court upheld the act’s constitutionality. Writing for the majority, Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. held that the danger posed during wartime justified the act’s restriction on First Amendment rights to freedom of speech.
In June 1918, Title 1 of the Espionage Act was expanded to limit speech critical of the war with the passage of the Sedition Act of 1918. This new law led to similar convictions that were ultimately upheld by the Supreme Court in Debs v. United States (1919), Frohwerk v. United States (1919), and Abrams v. United States (1919).
Although Congress repealed the Sedition Act of 1918 in 1921, many portions of the Espionage Act of 1917 are still law.
Daniel Ellsberg, a former defense analyst who leaked the famous Pentagon Papers to the New York Times and other newspapers, faced charges under the Espionage Act, and went to trial in Los Angeles in 1973. The judge eventually dismissed charges against him and his colleague Anthony Russo.
Former CIA analyst Edward Snowden was charged with violating the Epionage Act of 1917 after he leaked classified documents related to the National Security Agency's widespread surveillance program in 2013. In this photo, Snowden speaks with Chris Anderson and Tim Berners Lee on a telepresence robot, beaming in from a secret location in Russia. (Image via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0) People still being charged under Espionage Act
Two former lobbyists for the American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC) were charged with violating the Espionage Act of 1917 in August 2005. The charges were ultimately dropped in 2009.
In more recent years, former CIA analyst Edward Snowden was charged with violating the Epionage Act after he leaked classified documents related to the National Security Agency's widespread surveillance program in 2013, beginning with The Guardian. Many news outlets published the information from the documents, including the New York Times, Washington Post and NBC News. Snowden sought asylum in Russia, but could be prosecuted under the charges if he returned to the United States.
In May 2019, a federal grand jury in Virginia issued an indictment against Wikileaks founder Julian Assange that included 17 counts of violation of the Espionage Act for receiving and publishing classified documents. Three of the counts are based exclusively on the act of publishing, which some have said could have implications for mainstream U.S. media publications who also sometimes publish classified material.
Some have called on repeal or changes to the Espionage Act. In 2022, for example, a new wave of criticism emerged after federal agents searched former president Donald Trump's residence in Florida for top secret government documents that may have been taken when he left office. The search warrant referred to the Espionage Act as a possible law that had been broken.
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