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Sammy Amalu Action by the Bishop Estates Trustees .....see the claims to multiples of Ahupuaa, etc. for the purpose of the Rail, etc.
oral history-consultation interview program–ahupua'a of kalihi ...https://historichawaii.org
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Jun 8, 2021 — Ethnohistoric Study of Kamehameha Schools' Lands in Waikīkī ... Diamond (VD); Randie Fong (RF); Francine Gora (FG); William “Bill” Haole ...
Aloha Kakou,
This post is in response to repeated requests to address the differences between the terms "Kanaka Maoli" and "Native Hawaiian." My response will be brief and is not intended to be a complete or thorough explanation of the subject matter.
The term Kanaka Maoli is adressed / referred / used in the Law of 1846, Mokuna 5, Haawina 1, Pauku 1 & 3), as follows;
PAUKU 1. Ina holo mai kekahi haole o ka aina e mai, a i keia Aupuni, he haole ho’ohiki ole, ina e holo mai e noho loa, a holo iki wale mai no paha, pono ia ia ke lawe mai a hoike i palapala ho'omalu na kekahi luna o ka aina ona i hele mai ai, a e hoakaka ia palapala i kona helehelena, a me kona mau makahiki, a me kona seka, a me kana Oihana, a pono e hoakakaia ma kela palapala ka mea e hiki ai i ka Lunakakau’olelo o kona aina iho i hele mai ai, a i ke Kanikela paha, a i ka Luna kuai paha, ke ho'oiai'o.
PAUKU 3. O na kanaka a pau i hanau malalo o ka malu o keia Aupuni, ina na na makua o ke Aupuni e, a ina na na haole ho’ohiki i kanaka Hawaii, a ina na na kanaka maoli, a me ka poe i hanau ma ka aina e, ina no keia Aupuni na makua, a mahope hele mai na keiki e noho ma’anei, e manaoia kela poe a pau, he aie i ka ho’olohe i ka Mo’i, ke alii ka lakou ma ka hanau ana, a e kau no ke Kanawai a keia Aupuni maluna o lakou. O na kanaka a pau i hanau ma na aina e, ina no ka aina e na makua, a ho’ohiki ole ho’i e like me ka olelo iloko e keia Ha’awina, alaila, e manaoia lakou he lahui e, a e hanaia’ku lakou e na’lii o keia Aupuni pela, e like nae me ka olelo o ke Kanawai.
Kanaka Maoli are not Americans (they were never naturalized or nationalized). Kanaka Maoli are not Native Hawaiians. The term is not applicable to the indigenous people of Hawaii, who were never naturalized by the United States of America. Kanaka Maoli are the indigenous inhabitants of the Hawaiian Islands, and have been for approximately 2000 years.
The term "Native Hawaiian" is a contemporary definition / label / designation created by the United States Congress to be used as a justification for, or qualification, to exercise commercial authority over the Kingdom of the Hawaiian and the indigenous people (kanaka maoli) who are subject to the laws of the Hawaiian Kingdom.
Native Hawaiian
(6) The term “Native Hawaiian” means any individual who is— (A) a citizen of the United States; and (B) a descendant of the aboriginal people, who, prior to 1778, occupied and exercised sovereignty in the area that currently constitutes the State of Hawaii, as evidenced by— (i) genealogical records; (ii) verification by kupuna (elders) or kama’aina (long-term community residents); or (iii) birth records of the State of Hawaii.
https://iolani-theroyal.blogspot.com/.../royal-family...
Royal Family Message...........share far and wide! Mahalo.
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