The Legitimate Government in Hawaii Series: Re-post: Robert W. Wilcox, Conspirator, Treasonous Person

The Legitimate Government in Hawaii Series: Re-post: Robert W. Wilcox, Conspirator, Treasonous Person

- Repost -

Reviewed by Amelia Gora (2023)

The following is a repost of the article on Robert W. Wilcox:

PREMEDITATION ISSUES: THE ROBERT WILCOX CONNECTION

compiled by Amelia Gora (2010)
The documented conspirators, treasonous persons have had their eyes on Hawaii for a long time. They also enlisted the aid of aboriginal Hawaiians/kanaka maoli/part aboriginal Hawaiians.

This is yet another segment of the PREMEDITATION Issues against the Hawaiian Kingdom.

This is part of the story of Robert Wilcox, a cousin of King David Kalakaua, and Queen Liliuokalani and his documented moves in Hawaii’s history.

Now, let us explore/view Robert W. Wilcox’s moves in the times of his cousins King David Kalakaua and Queen Liliuokalani reign.

Let us view his background by going over Queen Liliuokalani writings from her book HAWAII’S STORY BY HAWAII’S QUEEN which is available free at the following link: http://digital.library.upenn.edu/women/liliuokalani/hawaii/hawaii.html

About Robert W. Wilcox:

“Robert William Kalanihiapo Wilcox was the son of an American father from New England and a mother descended from Maui royalty. He was educated at the Turin Military Academy in Italy under the Kalakaua Studies Abroad program. Six-feet tall, with burning dark eyes, a Roman nose, and the power of oratory, the charismatic Wilcox was rash and changeable.”
1888 – FIRST STRIKE”Wilcox led some 300 armed men in his first attempt to unseat the new government.”

NEWS ARTICLES PERTAINING TO WILCOX

THE NEW YORK TIMES, June 1, 1892 “Arrests for Treason In Hawaii”
“The leaders of the movement are understood to be Volney V. Ashford and Robert Wilcox”.
May 24. Volney V. Ashford and Robert Wilcox with 18 others were “charged with the crime of treason against the Hawaiian Government” and arrested. “Their object was the overthrow of the existing form of government, by deposing Queen Liliuokalani and establishing a Hawaiian republic.”

Note: It appears that this was a trial run for the January 1893 premeditated plan to dethrone the Queen seven (7) months later or January 1893.

Wilcox had attempted to overthrow King Kalakaua twice (1888 and 1889).

THE NEW YORK TIMES, June 12, 1892 “The Hawaiian Conspirators – Their Trial is Going on at Honolulu before Judge Dole” – 20 people charged with conspiring to overthrow the Government…

The government charged them with traitorously attempting to raise a rebellion. The defense presented a demurrer, claiming there was no evidence to sustain the charges. The demurrer was overruled…the penalty for treason is death; for conspiracy imprisonment, not to exceed ten years, and a fine of $1,000. They were convicted on charges of the lesser offense or conspiracy.

THE NEW YORK TIMES, Thursday, July 14, 1892 – a no heading article but a story beginning with “Trials for treason in Hawaii do not seem to be very fruitful in results.” During King Kalakaua’s period, WILCOX and his associates were convicted in similar charges and they were promptly pardoned…..”

WASHINGTON EVENING STAR article “The Republic of Hawaii”:

1889 – SECOND STRIKE

“Robert W. Wilcox led an insurrection against the so-called “Reform Government,” composed of a small cadre of sugar planters, missionary descendents, and their allies, who two years earlier had imposed the “Bayonet Constitution” upon King Kalakaua. Wilcox intended to return rights to the monarchy and to Native Hawaiians.”

“Leading an army of 150 Hawaiians, Europeans, and Chinese”… “Wearing his Italian officer’s uniform–and with his men attired in red Garibaldi shirts malde famous by the great Italian revolutionist–Wilcox and his men briefly occupied government buildings across the street from “Iolani Palace. Stronger government forces drove them out. Seven insurgents were killed and a dozen more wounded.” “The government brought Wilcox to trial for high treason.”
http://digital.library.upenn.edu/women/liliuokalani/hawaii/hawaii.html#XXXII
CHAPTER XXXII ATTEMPTED REVOLUTIONON returning to Washington Place, greatly to my regret I found my husband suffering much from the attacks of his old enemy, the rheumatism. But he bore his sufferings patiently, and was pleased to know that I had had so pleasant a journey. On the day following my return, I went to my out-of-town residence at Palama, in order to look over my garden, in which I have never ceased to take a keen interest. After satisfying myself that the faithful old gardener had given everything proper care, I turned my attention toward the house itself, and found matters there also satisfactory.

I had finished my examinations, and was just on the point of leaving, when I heard steps on the front staircase; and knowing that some person was without, I advanced to the door, which I did not open, but drew down the grating, and met the gaze of a young man with haggard, anxious countenance. It was Mr. Robert W. Wilcox who was standing before me, trying with all his self-control to appear calm, but evidently much excited. He told me in a few words that he was ready to release the king from that hated thraldom under which he had been oppressed, and that measures had already been taken. I asked him at once if he had made mention of so important a matter to His Majesty. He replied that he had not.

I then charged him to do nothing unless with the full knowledge and consent of the king. To this he responded that he had counted the cost, and would most gladly lay down his life for my brother’s sake. He then proceeded to inform me that it was on this very night that the step would be taken; that every preparation had been made, and the signal for decisive action would soon be given. This was the first intimation of any kind which had been brought to my knowledge of the initiation of the movement. At the time he was speaking with me I had not the least idea of the use which subsequent events proved had been made of my Palama residence, and my old gardener had been kept in equal ignorance. Our lack of suspicion is easily explained; for the entire building can be traversed when the shutters are kept closed, and no observer on the outside would be any the wiser, whatever his position. Knowing this as well as I, Mr. Wilcox and his associates had held their secret meetings there; and always observing due caution, their occupancy or manner of using the place was known only to themselves.

It turned out just as I had been warned by my visitor; and on the very night of the disclosure the outbreak occurred, and Mr. Wilcox made his unsuccessful attempt to overthrow the missionary party. The king that night was not at the palace, but at his boat-house. I was in Washington Place. As I have always been in the habit of rising early, I awoke at my usual time, and saw that my husband was quietly sleeping, and having a respite from his pain. I dressed without disturbing him, and strolled out into the garden, where I was in the habit of taking a morning walk before breakfasting.

I was not long there before I noticed that something unusual was transpiring. Members of the rifle companies were to be seen hastening from every direction; some of them fully dressed and carrying their arms in proper form, but some appeared to have left their homes in haste, so that they did not have the various parts of their uniform adjusted, but were dressing themselves as they ran past. They were all going in the direction of the armory on Punch-Bowl Street. Young Harry Auld, who was employed in the custom-house, went by while I stood near the gate to my grounds; and I asked him at once what was the meaning of the commotion at this early hour.

He informed me that Mr. Wilcox had taken possession of the palace, and was supported there by a company of soldiers. Naturally I connected this information with what I had heard the night before, and all became clear to me. Towards ten o’clock in the forenoon firing began, and soon shots went whizzing past our house. There were occasional outbursts of musketry throughout the day; but towards evening all became tranquil again, or nearly so. We heard that Mr. Wilcox had been deserted by his men, and had therefore surrendered. The rifle companies were stationed at the music hall opposite the palace; but their gallant commander kept out of harm’s way at the Hawaiian Hotel, from whence he sent his orders by an orderly to his executive officer. Late in the afternoon Mr. Hay Wodehouse, and the purser of the steamer Australia, climbed onto the roof of the hotel stables to have their share of the fun, taking with them a small mortar or other contrivance for firing bombs. They discharged these missiles into the palace grounds, aiming at the bungalow with such effect as to shatter the furniture of the Princess Poomaikalani, and do much other damage. This was the time when Mr. Wilcox sent word to Colonel Ashford that he would lay down his arms; and being arrested for the useless riot, he was led to the station-house. His punishment was a moderate imprisonment, and it has been said that he was released from the consequences of his act because he had in his power certain persons who would have been much terrified had he been inclined to tell all he knew. However this may be, it is evident that out of gratitude he had perhaps some plans or purposes for being of service to my brother, because the king had tried in the past to do something for him. His enthusiasm was great, but was not supported by good judgment or proper discretion. His efforts failed; and indeed, it is not easy to see how under the circumstances it could have been otherwise.

CHAPTER XXXIII THE KING’S DEPARTURE AGAIN REGENTI HAVE spoken of the pleasant Sunday-school picnic of the 11th of June, 1889. My entertainers, it seemed, were sufficiently gratified with my presence not to forget me in their next invitations; and the year following I was invited out to Punahou, where the Sunday-schools of all the Congregational societies were to assemble. I first drove out to Kapiolani Park to see the races. These went on finely. The assembled multitude cheered on the winning horse, the sweet strains of the band floated out on the air of the beautiful day, and the people seemed inspired by their surroundings to forget all their political troubles or their domestic necessities. After I heard the salute denoting the noon hour, again, as on the previous occasion, accompanied by two lady companions, I proceeded to the picnic at Punahou. For some reason as yet not explained, the assembled worthies of the Congregational church did not seem as cordial as they were a year earlier. However, I did not allow any to know that I noticed the change; and besides, there were many sincere friends present who treated me most hospitably and kindly. While engaged in conversation with some of these, Mr. Albert F. Judd, the chief justice, approached me, and inquired if I could descry a vessel which was making her way slowly out of the port and gaining an offing. I replied that I saw the one to which he referred. Then he went on to volunteer the information that on board that craft was Colonel Ashford, who had escaped from prison, and was secretly taking his departure.

A few days prior to this celebration, in one of those turns of the tide of politics by which the Ashfords have more than once found themselves in strange company, Mr. V. V. Ashford, on some charge of seditious conduct toward the governing party, found himself in prison.

I mention this as but one amongst many instances I might recall where those charged with political, or, indeed any other offence, have, for reasons best known to the missionary party, been allowed or even constrained to leave the Islands. Of some of these, nothing more has ever been heard.

The 18th of November of that same year was celebrated with much display and many congratulations as the birthday of His Majesty Kalakaua. During the afternoon a reception took place at the palace, in which the societies organized by the king, the queen, or by myself had a general reunion. These were the Hooulu Lahui, the Liliuokalani Educational Society, and the Naua Society, the last named under the special patronage of the king. After paying their respects to His Majesty and the queen, the whole company adjourned to the wharves. As usual there was a fine regatta, in which many pretty water-craft took part. We are always favored with fresh and regular breezes, and the little white-sailed yachts made a neat and inspiriting picture as they contested for the prizes. Those who won went home happy in their trophies of victory; those who did not had, at any rate, a delightful sail. The boat-houses were turned into places of entertainment, and fine lunches were given at that of the king as well as at many others. My riding society had been specially invited to take their refreshments at the boat-house of Dr. Trousseau.

As we were all gayly going to lunch after viewing the sport, general attention was attracted to a balloon which was at the moment ascending from the foot of Punch-Bowl Hill. Scarcely had the light globular object reached the upper currents of the atmosphere, when it was whirled away with fearful speed, for it was a very windy day. On watching the car under the balloon, we noticed that the man had cut himself adrift, and was descending from mid-air in a parachute. He was coming down bravely; but what was the horror of all of the spectators to observe that instead of landing on the wharf, or even in the port, he was being carried far out to sea, beyond the breakers, where the waters were alive with sharks. Steamers and boats were immediately got under way to effect his rescue, but he was never seen again. The balloon from which he had made his fatal leap also disappeared, and no trace of either was ever discovered. The poor man probably met his fate from the jaws of the monsters of the deep the moment he touched the water.

In the evening there was a grand display of fireworks, and a procession of the fire companies of the city. There was also a new organization which paraded this evening, called the “Sons of Hawaii,” at whose head was Mr. John Cummins. It was to be reviewed by His Majesty Kalakaua. The men were mounted on the finest horses which could be found in the city, and were manly fellows and good riders. At eight in the evening Their Majesties, the king and queen, the members of the cabinet, with many who held office under the government, assembled in front of the palace to receive the organization.

I was not at that hour present, because I was making a tour of the city in order to inspect the decorations and see the fireworks. But just as I finished my drive, and entered the palace yard, the “Sons of Hawaii” came up the avenue with their horses on the full gallop, making a most inspiriting display. How well they sat their steeds, and how gracefully they rode! Each man held aloft a lighted torch, adding much to the effect of the cavalcade. They drew up in front of the king, and were most profound in their salutations. I paid particular attention to their behavior, because amongst them were a number of the missionary boys, who seemed to act as though they would outdo those of native birth in their manifestations of loyalty and respect. There was a sad interest to me afterwards in recalling this evening, because it was about the last celebration in which my brother made a public appearance.

The fatigues of this day, several sources of worry, and the responsibilities which I felt were approaching, brought on a slight fever; and for three weeks I was confined to my rooms, at times not leaving my sick-bed.

Three days before his departure the king came to see me, and told me of his intention to visit the United States. I did all I could to dissuade him from the journey. I reminded him of his failing health, and informed him that I was not in my usual vigor. Cold weather, too, to which he was unaccustomed, was fast approaching; and if anything should happen to him, how would I, with my feeble health, be able to meet the increasing burdens of my station. He replied that he would leave those behind who would look out for the government. His only errand at this moment was to notify me that I was to be appointed regent during his absence. He really did need change, after what he had borne in recent years; and this consideration doubtless entered into his resolution.

But the principal motive of his journey was to have an interview with Mr. H. A. P. Carter, the Hawaiian minister at Washington, in order to give him instructions in view of the McKinley Bill, which had just passed the American Congress, the influence of which was supposed to be dangerous to the interest of the foreign element at Honolulu, and destructive to the profits of the sugar planters. So the king went cheerfully and patiently to work for the cause of those who had been and were his enemies. He sacrificed himself in the interests of the very people who had done him so much wrong, and given him such constant suffering. With an ever-forgiving heart he forgot his own sorrows, set aside all feelings of animosity, and to the last breath of his life he did all that lay in his power for those who had abused and injured him.

If ever there was a man who was pure in spirit, if ever there was a mortal who had perfect charity, he was that man. In spite of all the revilings uttered against him, he never once opened his lips to speak against another, whomsoever it might be. And so my poor brother said good-by to us all, and bade farewell to his beautiful Islands, which he was never to look on again.

Just before he sailed I went to the palace. There he called together his cabinet, and addressing to the gentlemen a few pleasant words, he placed me in their charge, hoping for the best, and expressing the wish that under our care the burden of the government might be lighter than it had proved to him since he had been the reigning sovereign. At eleven o’clock he exchanged his last words with Queen Kapiolani and myself, and then hastened rapidly away to the wharf, where a boat from the United States man-of-war Charleston was in waiting to convey him on board that vessel. Crowds witnessed his departure, all the shipping was gay, the vessels saluted the out-going ship, a royal salute was fired, and he was gone.
NEWS ARTICLES PERTAINING TO WILCOX

Note: It appears that this was a trial run for the January 1893 premeditated plan to dethrone the Queen seven (7) months later or January 1893.

Wilcox had attempted to overthrow King Kalakaua twice (1888 and 1889).

THE NEW YORK TIMES, June 12, 1892 “The Hawaiian Conspirators – Their Trial is Going on at Honolulu before Judge Dole” – 20 people charged with conspiring to overthrow the Government…

WASHINGTON EVENING STAR article “The Republic of Hawaii”:

References:

Genealogy research; Queen Liliuokalani’s book HAWAII’S STORY BY HAWAII’S QUEEN, NEW YORK TIMES article; and
http://www.hawaiianhistory.org/moments/wilcox89.html The Hawaiian Historical Society excerpts of the article by By Helen G. Chapin.

1892 – STRIKE THREE

CHAPTER XXXVIII HAWAIIANS PLEAD FOR A NEW CONSTITUTIONAFTER my husband’s death, my retainers at Waikiki (to each of whom I had set apart a lot of land, so that each family might have its own home, and, further, that these might be handed down for the use of their children and children’s children), proposed to come and stay with me in the city. So I accorded to each family one week, that all might have a share in this kindly office. This rule was laid down by me, and carefully observed from the date of my husband’s death.

This will be, perhaps, the place to mention a matter which has been made use of in an evil way by certain of my enemies. On my accession to the throne my husband had been made prince consort, and after my brother’s burial I had proposed to him that he should move to the palace; but in his feeble health he dreaded the long stairs there, which he would be obliged to climb, so I proposed to have the bungalow put in repair, and that the entire house should be placed at his service.

With this proposition he was much pleased, and hopefully looked forward to the time when, recovering from his illness, he would be able to take possession of his new home. He asked that there might be a small gate opened near the bungalow, so that he might easily come and go without being obliged to go through the form of offering to the sentry the password required for entrance by the front gate. His wish was immediately granted, and instructions given to the Minister of the Interior to that effect. The bungalow was handsomely fitted up, and all things were made ready for his occupation; but owing to his continued and increasing ill-health he never moved into it.

Mr. C. B. Wilson and his wife (seeing that she was one of my beneficiaries, and in her younger days one for whom my husband and I had great consideration) asked if they might come and be near me. In response, I told them that they might take the room that had been occupied by the Princess Poomaikalani in the bungalow. That was all that passed between us about the matter. Mrs. Wilson and Mrs. Clark were in constant attendance upon me as ladies in waiting.

Mrs. Eveline Wilson from her childhood had professed a great fondness and love for me, and with two other young ladies, Lizzie Kapoli and Sophie Sheldon, had made my home theirs. Bright young girls, with happy hearts, and free from care and trouble, they made that part of my life a most delightful epoch to me. It was then that Mr. Wilson first sought the hand of pretty little Kittie Townsend. Thus we had known Mr. Wilson quite well as a young man when he was courting his wife. My husband and myself had warmly favored his suit; and, with his wife, he naturally became a retainer of the household, and from time to time they took up their residence with us. But one cannot always tell what a young man of promise may be when he arrives at full manhood.

Mr. Samuel Parker called on me one day, and, after discussing some cabinet affairs, asked me directly, if there was any truth in the report that I had called in the advice or sought the assistance of Mr. C. B. Wilson in public affairs. To this I very naturally demanded the reasons why he should ask such questions. He replied that Mr. Wilson had told persons down town that he knew of matters which were connected with the cabinet, and that it was through his advice that certain measures had been carried through. On the strength of these remarks, occasion had been taken by Mr. J. E. Bush and Mr. R. W. Wilcox to publish in their newspapers articles calculated to prove injurious to my reputation. I answered Mr. Parker that I consulted no one outside of my cabinet, and that no measures had ever been consummated excepting such as had been advised by the ministers. He recognized the truth of this statement, and communicated the substance of our conversation to his colleagues.

Mr. Bush and Mr. Wilcox at the very commencement of my regency had openly asked for billets of office; a favor I had scarcely the power, and certainly not the intention, to grant, because all the offices were then filled by men whom I thought were good, loyal, and true to the crown. Mr. Bush had further published articles in his paper which did not meet with my approval, for they were attacks upon my brother, the king. Was he at work with the opposition party at the time he solicited office? Whether this was so or not, his subsequent actions showed at least the deepest ingratitude towards myself, who had showered favors on him and on his family, educated his children, and kept them all from poverty. Mr. R. W. Wilcox I have spoken of elsewhere. It will be seen that he had also become one of my enemies.

I was recently told that Mr. Wilson, at the time of Mr. Wilcox’s attempt in 1889, would enter the meetings which were held at the king’s barracks, and then, leaving the assembly, would stealthily go around to the house of Mr. A. F. Judd, and report all that had transpired. I have had no experiences more painful than the evidences of ingratitude among those I have had reason to think my friends; and I sincerely hope that in this case I have been misinformed.

One evening, shortly after Mr. and Mrs. Wilson had moved into the bungalow, he presented himself at the Blue Room of the palace, and then first mentioned the idea that a new constitution should be promulgated. About two days after this suggestion I received a call from Mr. Samuel Nowlein, who alluded to the same matter. A few days after Mr. Joseph Nawahi, with Mr. William White, had an interview with me by their request, and called my attention to the same public need. Until these conversations, it had not occurred to me as possible to take such a step in the interest of the native people; but after these parties had spoken to me, I began to give the subject my careful consideration. Twice Mr. White spoke to me on the matter before I told him that I would like to have a conference with all, to listen to an expression of their views.

Accordingly a meeting was called to be held at Muolaulani Palace, at which there was to be an opportunity for them to compare their opinions and discuss them in my presence. I heard what the opinions of the gentlemen were, but gave them no intimation of my own ideas or intentions, for I had really come to no definite conclusion. When the assembly was opened, I noticed that Mr. Wilson was not present, nor did he attend any of the meetings which were held for the consideration of the matter of constitutional reform, but came singly and alone to speak to me on the subject. But it seems that all this time, while I was simply reflecting on the situation, each of them was going forward and engaging in the preparation or draft of a new constitution.

When completed, I was handed by one party a copy of that it proposed, and by Mr. Wilson I was given a copy of the one on which he had been engaged. After reading both over, I employed a young man, simply because he was a very neat penman, to make copies; his name was W. F. Kaae, but he was usually called Kaiu. This is worthy of mention, because I subsequently discovered that, while upon this work for me, he took copies to Mr. A. F. Judd for the examination of that gentleman. It can readily be seen by what kind of persons I was surrounded; it must be remembered that I now write with a knowledge of recent events, but that then I had the fullest confidence in the loyalty of those who professed to be my friends.

The election of 1892 arrived, and with it the usual excitement of such occasions. Petitions poured in from every part of the Islands for a new constitution; these were addressed to myself as the reigning sovereign. They were supported by petitions addressed to the Hui Kalaaina, who in turn indorsed and forwarded them to me. It was estimated by those in position to know, that out of a possible nine thousand five hundred registered voters, six thousand five hundred, or two-thirds, had signed these petitions. To have ignored or disregarded so general a request I must have been deaf to the voice of the people, which tradition tells us is the voice of God. No true Hawaiian chief would have done other than to promise a consideration of their wishes.

My first movement was to inquire of the parties active in the matter what they had to propose. I asked the Hui Kalaaina if they had any draft of a constitution prepared for my examination. The committee replied that they had not. After leaving my presence, they applied to Mr. W. R. Castle, and requested him to draw one out for them. Soon after the committee again entered my presence, this time bearing a neatly written document; but whether it had been drawn by Mr. Castle or by others, it is difficult for me to say. This I handed back to the committee, telling them to keep it until some future day, when I would ask them for it; because I did not intend at that moment to make any announcement of my purposes.

September 1st, 1892, witnessed the opening of the legislative assembly. There was nothing lacking of that pomp and display which had been first inaugurated in the days of Kanikeaouli, the third of the Kamehamehas. These forms and ceremonies were suggested and taught to the Hawaiian people by Dr. G. P. Judd, Mr. W. Richards, and Mr. R. Armstrong, men who originally came to Hawaii with no other avowed object than that of teaching the religion of Jesus Christ; but they soon resigned their meagre salaries from the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, and found positions in the councils or cabinets of the Kamehamehas more lucrative and presumably more satisfactory to them.

Lunalilo had an official staff, and many of his aids-de-camp were white men, as also happened with Kamehameha V., Kalakaua, and all the recent Hawaiian sovereigns. Dr. E. Hoffman, Mr. W. F. Allen, Mr. M. T. Monserrat, Mr. Prendergast, and many others whose names I might mention, have been perfectly willing to wear the uniform of the crown, to display their gilt lace and brass buttons on state occasions, and to ride richly caparisoned horses with shining accoutrements through our streets; and as long as the missionary party chose the men that were to be thus decked out, honored, and exhibited, it was never alleged that the Hawaiian kings loved display, and sought pomp and fuss and feathers. Yet what had our earlier monarchs ever done for the public good? Individually, nothing. They had acquiesced in the course laid down for them by the missionaries. The government established by these pious adventurers was the government of the day.

Those of their number who were able to get into government service drew their salaries faithfully, and spent or saved as they saw fit, but observed a truly “religious” silence as to the folly of spending money on public displays. This is the more remarkable, because there were other ways, even then, of securing treasury deficiencies. I remember that when G. P. Judd, W. Richards, and R. Armstrong were cabinet ministers, a deficiency so inexplicable occurred that the cabinet was required to resign immediately, and to one of the retiring members the popular appellation “kauka-kope-kala” subsequently adhered pretty tenaciously. I refrain from translating, as the title is not one of honor; but it still clings to the family as an heirloom.
KING STREET, WITH GOVERNMENT BUILDING AND OPERA HOUSE

It is more to the point that Kalakaua’s reign was, in a material sense, the golden age of Hawaiian history. The wealth and importance of the Islands enormously increased, and always as a direct consequence of the king’s acts. It has been currently supposed that the policy and foresight of the “missionary party” is to be credited with all that he accomplished, since they succeded in abrogating so many of his prerogatives, and absorbing the lion’s share of the benefits derived from it. It should, however, be only necessary to remember that the measures which brought about our accession of wealth were not at all in line with a policy of annexation to the United States, which was the very essence of the dominant “missionary” idea. In fact, his progressive foreign policy was well calculated to discourage it.

And for this reason, probably, they could not be satisfied even with the splendid results which our continued nationality offered them. They were not grateful for a prosperity which must sooner or later, while enriching them, also elevate the masses of the Hawaiian people into a self-governing class, and depose them from that primacy in our political affairs which they chiefly valued. They became fiercely jealous of every measure which promised to benefit the native people, or to stimulate their national pride. Every possible embarrassment and humiliation were heaped upon my brother. And because I was suspected of having the welfare of the whole people also at heart (and what sovereign with a grain of wisdom could be otherwise minded?), I must be made to feel yet more severely that my kingdom was but the assured prey of these “conquistadores.”

As I have said, the legislature was opened, and began its daily sessions. The usual measures were brought in, one after another, for consideration by the representatives of the people. But all other matters were persistently thrust aside in order to give time for the repeated dismissals of cabinets. By the account given by me of the revolution of 1887, it will be noticed that the constitution forced upon my brother at that date made the sovereign inferior to the cabinet. The ministry must be appointed by the monarch, but once appointed had absolute control over every measure, nor could the monarch dismiss them, and only a vote of the legislature could deprive them of their portfolios. That provision made the cabinet, as I have shown in previous pages, a perpetual foot-ball in the hands of political parties.

Therefore, this session of the legislature, instead of giving attention to measures required for the good of the country, devoted its energies to the making and unmaking of cabinets. I think there were four rapidly commissioned by me and voted out. But at this point I call attention to the statement which I made to Hon. James H. Blount, the commissioner charged with the work of investigating the circumstances of the over-throw of the constitutional government of the Hawaiian Islands. In that statement will be found the matter which properly supplements this chapter, and need not be again detailed in this memoir. It naturally, together with some review of events already related, forms the connecting link between the opening ceremonies of the legislature and the enforced abdication of my authority.

Selected by reason of his perfect impartiality and long acquaintance with foreign affairs, this gentleman was sent out by His Excellency Grover Cleveland, President of the United States, and arrived in Honolulu on the twenty-ninth day of March, 1893. In July Mr. Blount made his final report, to which I need only allude to say that, as is well known, after digesting a mass of testimony on both sides, he decided that I was the constitutional ruler of the Hawaiian Islands. It was at this time that I made to him the statement which will be found in the closing pages of this volume. 1

Of the manner in which Hon. J. H. Blount conducted the investigation, I must speak in the terms of the highest praise. He first met the parties opposed to my government, and took down their statements, which were freely given, because they had imagined that he could be easily turned in their favor. So they gave him the truth, and some important facts in admission of their revolutionary intentions, dating from several years back. Mr. Blount afterwards took the statements of the government, or royalist side. These were simply given, straightforward, and easily understood. Compare the two statements, and it is not difficult to explain the final report of Mr. Blount. All the evidence can be reviewed by any person who may wish to do so, and a judgment formed of the men who caused this revolution, as it has been bound in volumes, and can be seen at the Library of Congress in the Capitol at Washington.
NEWS ARTICLES PERTAINING TO WILCOX

Note: It appears that this was a trial run for the January 1893 premeditated plan to dethrone the Queen seven (7) months later or January 1893.

Wilcox had attempted to overthrow King Kalakaua twice (1888 and 1889).

THE NEW YORK TIMES, June 12, 1892 “The Hawaiian Conspirators – Their Trial is Going on at Honolulu before Judge Dole” – 20 people charged with conspiring to overthrow the Government…

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1895 – STRIKE FOUR (!)

http://digital.library.upenn.edu/women/liliuokalani/hawaii/hawaii.html#XIII
CHAPTER XIV A SERIOUS ACCIDENTTHEN leaving Honolulu attended by some few of my retainers, I went first to the residence of Mr. J. A. Cummins, a gentleman who subsequently undertook a diplomatic errand for me to the city of Washington, and who in 1895 was suspected and even punished by the present rulers of Hawaii for participation in the attempt to smuggle arms for possible use by the people desiring a return to the monarchical form of government.

At that time the possibility that the monarchical form of government could be overthrown would have been incredible, and my visit to Waimanalo was simply the occasion of a renewal of that social welcome and hearty entertainment such as had attended me everywhere since my nomination to the Hawaiian throne. In fact, I might claim with reason that the future hopes of the Hawaiian people were with my party. I was accompanied by my sister, the Princess Likelike, who had with her the little child-princess Kaiulani and that infant’s governess, Miss Barnes; Mr. J. H. Boyd was of the number of our attendants. After a generous lunch at Waimanalo, on the estate of Mr. Cummins, we left for Maunavili, the country-place of Mr. and Mrs. Boyd, in whose hospitable mansion we passed the night, and left our gentle hostess regretting that our stay had been so short; but events proved that my tour was not to be extended far beyond her residence, for we had proceeded on our way to Kaneohe but a few steps, when a singular accident happened to my carriage. My horses were driven by Mr. Joseph Heleluhe, and in some unaccountable manner the reins of one of the horses became entangled in the bit of another. We were descending the steep side of a hill, and the result was that the driver had no longer control of the animals. Consequently the carriage came down the hill with such velocity that I was thrown violently out, and landed between two rocks; but fortunately there was a bit of marshy ground where I struck. It was a matter of immediate wonder that my life had been spared. Certainly no one could have been nearer to instant death. This had been witnessed from the homestead of our hosts; and Mr. Cummins, arriving on the scene almost immediately, sent for a stretcher, which was sent at once from the residence of Mrs. Boyd. On this I was placed, and the litter raised upon the shoulders of four men; thus was I carried all the way to Waimanalo. Mr. Cummins, having preceded the sad procession, met us at the foot of the hill with a wagon. It was a sorrowful breaking-up of what had promised to be a delightful journey. Messages were immediately sent to all the points on the island I had intended to visit, informing the people of the accident which had befallen me, and notifying them that it would be useless to go on with preparations for my reception, as it was the intention of those who had charge to send me at once to Honolulu. So, under the kind care of Mr. Cummins and Mrs. Kaae, the wagon was driven to the wharf, where the little steamer Waimanalo, belonging to Mr. Cummins, awaited me. All that tenderest care and kindest heart could suggest was done to make me comfortable by my kind hosts; and the cavalcade of retainers, with which I had come out so gayly, followed in demure silence. Despatches had also been sent to Honolulu; and my husband, Governor Dominis, and the princess’s husband, Hon. A. S. Cleghorn, were acquainted with the particulars of the accident. Mr. Cummins, Mr. Kaae, and Mr. Frank Harvey, assisted by other friends, saw that I was put on board the steamer with as little pain or inconvenience as possible. My sister and little niece were by my side; and all the company were safely accommodated on board the Waimanalo, which at about three o’clock that afternoon steamed out to sea. After a smooth and uneventful run we drew near the wharf at the foot of Fort Street, in the port of Honolulu. It was nine o’clock at night when the little craft got alongside the wharf, where crowds of people awaited her arrival. The night was fine and clear; the moon was shining brightly. As the boat was fast, I turned my eyes toward the shore, and saw a line of soldiers drawn up to receive me. When the litter was taken from the deck and placed in a wagon, I discovered that these men were to draw my carriage to the place prepared for my reception. When all had been made ready, the word was given to proceed, and the procession started. To me it was a solemn moment, one which can never be forgotten, the shops and houses of the merchants still draped with crape in memory of the fallen president at Washington, the crowds of native Hawaiian people which lined the way, their respectful silence broken only by their smothered sobs or subdued weeping, and with it all the steady, measured tread of the soldiers who were drawing the wagon on which I had been laid by my devoted friends. Although I had suffered much, was still in pain, and not out of danger, yet in it all there was the sweet assurance for which much can be borne, the blessed consciousness that all this manifestation was because my people loved me. My husband was walking by the side of my wagon, and the tramp of the soldiers was growing shorter as we neared our home, while the throng of sympathetic followers who had attended our march grew less only when we reached our very doorway. My return thus to my people and my family from the very border of death left an impression upon me which is too sacred for any description.

On arrival I asked to be placed in one of the cottages on our grounds, preferring to occupy this small, one-story house rather than to be carried upstairs to the more commodious apartments of the great house known as Washington Place. My wishes were complied with at once by my kind husband and faithful attendants.

The nature of my injuries was such that a long rest was required. At first it was thought my back was broken by my fall; for when I endeavored to rise after recovering from the first shock, it was impossible to do so, nor could I change in any way my position until assisted by my followers, Mr. Heleluhe being one of the first to offer me aid. Even then, when depending upon their strength of arm as they tried to raise me, the least exertion or motion gave me the greatest pain. My physician, Dr. Webb, arrived at the cottage at Washington Place about the same time as myself, although he had been a long distance in search of his patient. The moment he received news of the accident he had ridden to Waimanalo, a distance of twelve miles by the shortest route, and not finding me had at once returned. He made a careful examination of my condition, and was relieved to find that the injuries to my back were no more serious than a very severe wrench and strain. He was a homoeopathist, and left some medicines to be administered, directions to be followed by my nurses; and watches were to be regularly set, and relieved by night and by day. At the end of three weeks I was not yet able to raise myself, or even sit up in my bed; so finally it was the opinion of my medical advisers that I should make a great effort and persevere in spite of the pain, lest I should become bedridden. These instructions were followed out with a result which proved the wisdom of the course recommended; for I was soon able to ride about in my buggy, still weak, but improving slowly.

But the process of recovery was very gradual, and only successful by the most constant care and great patience of my attendants. These were divided into watches of three hours each, and three persons were always at my bedside. To one of these was assigned the duty of waving the kahili, or long-plumed staff of state, the insignia of royalty; to another that of using the fan for my comfort, both of these being women; while to the third, a male attendant, belonged the duty of doing any necessary errands, and of making my female attendants comfortable in whatever way their needs might require. Whenever I was lifted, or even turned, it was done by the strong yet tender hands of six men, three on each side. Had these been nurses trained by years of experience to manage the sick they could not have proceeded with more skill and gentleness; so quietly and gradually was my position changed that I could scarcely perceive the movements, which were such as to give me the least pain. It was the same when it was judged best for me to leave my bed. By the strong arms of my native attendants I was lifted in a sheet, then easily laid on an extended but movable chair, which was raised to an erect posture without the least strain on my muscular system. Even when I began to move about the room my dependence on my faithful retainers did not cease, and with one on each side it was almost impossible for me to fall. From the reclining-chair I was transferred without movement or strain to my carriage, and taken from it in the same manner, thus securing change and fresh air with no exertion to myself. My position was not without its amusing side, even at the most critical moments; for when I was supposed to be asleep or unconscious, conversations or little actions would take place in the sickroom which were perfectly understood by me, but of which I was supposed by my attendants to have no knowledge whatever. When scarcely able to sit up I was consulted about the mottoes with which it was the intention to crown the triumphal arches throughout the city at the approaching return of my brother, the king, from his tour around the world; and it was a great satisfaction to me to receive such marks of deference while I lay a helpless invalid.

All classes of adherents had been represented in the watchers about my bedside. There were Colonel C. P. Iukea, Colonel J. H. Boyd, Major Anton Rosa, Governor John T. Baker, Mr. C. B. Wilson, Captain Leleo, Mr. Joseph Heleluhe, Mr. Isaac Kaiama. These and many others had their watches in the invalid chamber, while Hon. Samuel Parker and Mr. Charles Williams were present from time to time. Most of these gentlemen were accompanied by their wives as assistants in their kind offices. Princess Ruth and my sister, the Princess Likelike, were daily visitors.
NEW YORK TIMES article(s):

1895-1896 U.S. President Cleveland was on record for giving Hawaii back to Queen Liliuokalani.

http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=FB0C14F73E5E12738“http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FB0C14F73E5E12738DDD”

SAYS GOVERNMENT SUPPORTS TRUSTS; Mr. Hitchcock Condemns System of Army and Navy Contracts. ARMOR PLATE AS EXAMPLE Beef Trust, Shipbuilding Trust, and Railroads Cited — Bates Calls Cleveland a Receptive Candidate.

[ DISPLAYING ABSTRACT ]

WASHINGTON, Feb. 20. — That the Federal Government, which is supposed to be after the trusts, is making large contracts with them and paying them the people’s money, was charged by Representative Hitchcock (Dem., Neb.) in the course of a vigorous criticism of the army and navy expenditures in the House to-day.

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http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=9406E5D6153AE733A25752C2A9649C946597D6CF

Note: In Queen Liliuokalani’s book HAWAII’S STORY BY HAWAII’S QUEEN she stated that she was not able to send dispatches out”.which means, she was not able to receive anything either.

Queen Liliuokalani along with her subjects have been lied to all along. Everything pertaining to Annexation, Statehood, which was made a State thru Executive Orders, are all based on criminal deviance, piracy(ies), piracy on the high seas, racketeering, etc.

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NEWS ARTICLES PERTAINING TO WILCOX

Note: It appears that this was a trial run for the January 1893 premeditated plan to dethrone the Queen seven (7) months later or January 1893.

Wilcox had attempted to overthrow King Kalakaua twice (1888 and 1889).

THE NEW YORK TIMES, June 12, 1892 “The Hawaiian Conspirators – Their Trial is Going on at Honolulu before Judge Dole” – 20 people charged with conspiring to overthrow the Government…

WASHINGTON EVENING STAR article “The Republic of Hawaii”:

1895 Jan 6 Counter-revolution to restore Liliuokalani to throne. Failed.

1895 Jan 7 Queen Liliuokalani “was arrested for no specific charged offense, taken by force, and confined alone in the Iolani Palace….She was told that those she dearly loved, personal friends, were awaiting execution, and the only act which would save their lives was an act of abdication to be signed by her…To save those she loved she executed the document you publish. It was an act consummated under the plainest kind of duress, void even had it been legally executed.”

Ref: Washington Evening Star article “The Republic of Hawaii” purchased off the internet from a private owner in Greece.

1895 Jan 24 Liliuokalani signs statement of abdication. She remained under duress, stress, coercion, and usurpation. She directed her subjects to maintain a neutral, friendly, non-violent status, even though many were beaten, killed, thrown on Kalaupapa, Molokai and declared lepers. The issues of genocide remain, the issues of piracy(ies) on the high seas remain, along with theft, conspiracies, treasonous activities, etc.

1895 Oct 2 The Queen was tried and convicted of treason. While sentenced to confinement in her room in Iolani Palace, she composed “The Queen’s Prayer.”

Princess Poomaikelani died. She had called her a daughter. Her descendants/heirs descendants exist today.

1896 Fall Liliuokalani freed by the entity Republic and remained under duress, coercion, usurpation, and stress.

“uprising began on January 6, 1895. In an exchange of shots in the night at Diamond Head, Charles L. Carter was killed–the only death during the insurrection but shocking to the public.In retreat against the government army, Wilcox led the rebel remnants from Diamond Head, through Palolo and Manoa valleys, and by ancient trails to Nu”uanu. They lived in the uplands until, half-starved, Wilcox finally gave up.

The Republic of Hawai”i tried the men by military tribunal. Ringleaders were sentenced to be hanged. The queen renounced the throne. With an eye toward annexation and U.S. public opinion–sentiment was that Wilcox’s was a political, not a criminal act–Republic President Sanford Dole commuted the sentences to hard labor. Wilcox was finally released on the condition that he would never again go against the government.

He didn’t–he joined it, and with his gifts of leadership and fiery oratory, he gave the government a good fight after annexation as the first elected delegate to Congress.”

References: Queen Liliuokalani’s book HAWAII’S STORY BY HAWAII’S Queen; NEW YORK TIMES article; and Helen Chapin’s article at http://www.hawaiianhistory.org/moments/wilcox95.html

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1897

January 26, 1897 http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=FB0714F6345E11738DDDAF0A94D9405B8785F0D3

“SHE SAW THE PRESIDENT” – Queen Liliuokalani visited Cleveland.

Article Preview SHE SAW THE PRESIDENT; EX-QUEEN LILIUOKALANI VISITED MR. CLEVELAND. Kindly Received in the White House by the Chief Executive — The Deposed Ruler Spent Most of the Day Indoors.

[ DISPLAYING ABSTRACT ]

WASHINGTON, Jan. 25. — Ex-Queen Liliuokalani paid a personal visit to President Cleveland to-day. It was entirely, and was so designated in the note sent by the deposed monarch to the President requesting the privilege of calling, and the answer of the latter granting it.

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1900 – Robert W. Wilcox

Known to have joined the PG’s/Provisional Government/treasonous persons because –“he joined it, and with his gifts of leadership and fiery oratory, he gave the government a good fight after annexation as the first elected delegate to Congress.”

1904 – NEW YORK TIMES article
1895-1896 U.S. President Cleveland was on record for giving Hawaii back to Queen Liliuokalani.

http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=FB0C14F73E5E12738“http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FB0C14F73E5E12738DDD”

[ DISPLAYING ABSTRACT ]

Note: This article will open in PDF format. Get Adobe Acrobat Reader or Learn More

http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=9406E5D6153AE733A25752C2A9649C946597D6CF

Note: In Queen Liliuokalani’s book HAWAII’S STORY BY HAWAII’S QUEEN she stated that she was not able to send dispatches out”.which means, she was not able to receive anything either.

SUMMARY

NEWS ARTICLES PERTAINING TO WILCOX OUTSIDE OF THE HAWAIIAN KINGDOM helps to understand what really happened in the past affecting the World today.

Recapping the important news articles:

THE NEW YORK TIMES, June 1, 1892 “Arrests for Treason In Hawaii”
“The leaders of the movement are understood to be Volney V. Ashford and Robert Wilcox”.

May 24. Volney V. Ashford and Robert Wilcox with 18 others were “charged with the crime of treason against the Hawaiian Government” and arrested. “Their object was the overthrow of the existing form of government, by deposing Queen Liliuokalani and establishing a Hawaiian republic.”

Note: It appears that this was a trial run for the January 1893 premeditated plan to dethrone the Queen seven (7) months later or January 1893.

Wilcox had attempted to overthrow King Kalakaua twice (1888 and 1889).

THE NEW YORK TIMES, June 12, 1892 “The Hawaiian Conspirators – Their Trial is Going on at Honolulu before Judge Dole” – 20 people charged with conspiring to overthrow the Government…

1895 January. President Cleveland returned Hawaii to Queen Liliuokalani (see articles above).

WASHINGTON EVENING STAR article “The Republic of Hawaii”:

1895 Jan 6 Counter-revolution to restore Liliuokalani to throne. Failed.

Ref: Washington Evening Star article “The Republic of Hawaii” purchased off the internet from a private owner in Greece.

1895 Oct 2 The Queen was tried and convicted of treason. While sentenced to confinement in her room in Iolani Palace, she composed “The Queen’s Prayer.”

Princess Poomaikelani died. She had called her a daughter. Her descendants/heirs descendants exist today.

1896 Fall Liliuokalani freed by the entity Republic and remained under duress, coercion, usurpation, and stress.

SUMMARY

ROBERT W. WILCOX tried to overthrow his cousins King Kalakaua (twice)in 1888 and 1889; and Queen Liliuokalani (twice) in 1892 and in 1895, WILCOX appears to have been influential in including Queen Liliuokalani in a Premeditated move to overthrow a treasonous group of Americans supported by the U.S., England, and the Morgan bankers (International bankers too) and to influence/make a neutral nation into a violent one.

It appears that WILCOX worked in collusion for the fourth time (2 times against King Kalakaua and 2 times against Queen Liliuokalani) when it became known to some that President Cleveland returned Hawaii back to Queen Liliuokalani in 1895 and documented in a 1904 newspaper article (see below regarding NEW YORK TIMES on Trusts).

Note: Queen Liliuokalani did document that she was not able to send dispatches out, which also means that she was not able to receive dispatches.

Now, for the records, let us view documents at the Bishop Museum – holder of stolen goods:

The Judd family a few years ago, released the stolen goods/list of stolen items to the Bishop Museum. (much of their holdings belong with the Hawaiian Kingdom)

A purchased list of stolen items from the Bishop Museum are the claimed items documented in HAWAII’S STORY BY HAWAII’S QUEEN about Albert Francis Judd, treasonous person who scooped everything off of Queen Liliuokalani’s desk, and it was then carried away in his bag.

There are approximately 7+ letters pertaining to Robert W. Wilcox out of a list of 195+ documents/letters.

An interesting one shows up on 40.l. :

“Typewritten letter, June 4, 1894, advising her (Queen Liliuokalani) to act immediately before promulgation of the New Constitution of the Republic. IMPORTANT to allow Wilcox to secretly seize Maui and Hawaii. No signature. IMPORTANT.”

Note: The documented list of stolen items held by the Bishop Museum under their Manuscript/ Typescript No. Ms Grp 70.55.6.7 is and remains a genocide issue.

The items were stolen off of Queen Liliuokalani’s desk were tampered with.

Queen Liliuokalani remained under duress (all is null and void under international laws, also fraud, deceit, treason, documented conspiracies discovered, documented Premeditation, etc.).

January 1895:

It appears that President Cleveland returned Hawaii back to Queen Liliuokalani in January 1895.

Queen Liliuokalani was unable to send dispatches out …which means that she was unable to receive dispatches as well.

The date of June 4, 1894 was a random date used in the Bishop Museum’s stolen goods of Albert Francis Judd, former Supreme Court Justice of the Hawaiian Kingdom and treasonous person appears to have tampered with the dates.

Correct date:

ROBERT W. WILCOX acted in January 1895 to attempt to have a Revolution with the engagement of others, perchance the same group of associates who helped him in 1888, 1889, 1892 as well?

Premeditation issues have been documented which involves the Standing Order by the President Harrison and Congress to assume/takeover Hawaii; the BOSTON Warship/the TROJAN HORSE; the Five (5) travelers who were funded in the 1892 Legislative Session, and the funds were released on January 5, 1893 and used by the treasonous 5 of the PG/Provisional Government; the Masons/Freemasons affecting and participating as parties to the crime, a concerted event; etc.

It appears that President Cleveland returned Hawaii to Queen Liliuokalani in early January 1895 giving reason for the Pirates/Parasites with WARMONGER associate ROBERT W. WILCOX to act as if there was a Revolution.

With known military, weaponry such as gatling guns, cannons, and already informing everyone to avoid bloodshed, why would anyone believe WILCOX and the PG’s/Provisional Governments words?

The President Cleveland’s dispatch was withheld from Queen Liliuokalani and the duress issues would be challenged by the PG’s/Provisional Governments treasonous persons by enlisting one ROBERT W. WILCOX for services the fourth (4th) time around.

ROBERT W. WILCOX was one of the many characters, a player who held an important role. He was a WARMONGER who was contrary to a Neutral nation. He was a documented treasonous person, a documented conspirator who was let off easily.

ROBERT W. WILCOX appears to have been erroneously elevated as a defender of the Hawaiian Kingdom when all indications, research proves otherwise.

ROBERT W. WILCOX did attempt to dethrone/undermine, did conspire against both of his cousins King Kalakaua and Queen Liliuokalani twice each/2X each.

King Kalakaua’s period in 1888 and 1889.

Queen Liliuokalani’s period in 1892 and 1895.

According to his descendant, Mrs. Schumann who was part of Abigail Kawananakoa’s Foundation/group (with Rubellite Johnson, Edith McKenzie, Owana Salazar, et. als.) she claimed that the PG’s/usurpers did give him ground glass in his drink.

Robert W. Wilcox died with six (6) major cuts in his intestines (after autopsy) and died from internal bleeding from his feeders.

Robert W. Wilcox provided the PG’s/Provisional Government treasonous persons his services as a patsy, a pimp, a prostitute, a whore, a criminal deviant used, abused, and finally killed by the PIRATES OF THE PACIFIC: Charles Reed Bishop and Friends, THE PIRATES OF THE WORLD: The U.S., England, the Morgan bankers (includes International bankers, et. als), or the PARASITES IN PARADISE.

Research incomplete.

aloha.

Genealogies of Queen Liliuokalani and the Royal Families

http://digital.library.upenn.edu/women/liliuokalani/hawaii/hawaii.html#XXXII

APPENDIX E.

APPENDIX F.

APPENDIX G.

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IOLANI - the Royal Hawk

Wednesday, February 7, 2024

The Legitimate Government in Hawaii Series: Re-post: Robert W. Wilcox, Conspirator, Treasonous Person

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